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Yellow bump on eyelid (Photo)

Last updated November 4, 2007

yellow cyst on eyelid
This microscope picture shows a small yellow bump on the lower eyelid. This is an epithelial inclusion cyst and it is yellow because it is filled with yellow keratin material. The vertical line is a line of light that the doctor uses to get a better idea of size and depth.

This can be easily lanced and the inner keratin removed by an eye doctor at the slitlamp. To get a better idea how this looks, you may want to watch the yellow inclusion bump video from which this snapshot was captured.

Eyelid inclusion cyst (Photo)

Last updated November 4, 2007

epithlial inclusion cyst of the eyelid
This photograph shows an epithelial inclusion cyst of the lower eyelid. This is a benign lesion filled with keratin material, giving the lesion a yellow-cast. It was treated by simple excision and expression of the inner contents at the slit-lamp.

To get a better idea what this bump looks like, you may want to watch our epithelial inclusion cyst video.

Eyelid bump (Photo)

Last updated November 4, 2007

lid inclusion cyst
This is a closeup of an inclusion cyst on the lower eyelid of an eye. You can see that it looks yellow … this is because it is filled with yellow keratin secretions. This cyst is easily treated by excising it and expressing the contents.

To get a better idea how this bump looks in relation to the eye, you may want to watch our inclusion cyst video from which this snapshot was captured.

Severe Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome (Video)

Last updated November 3, 2007


length: 27 seconds

This video shows an eye suffering from severe pseudoexfoliation syndrome of the lens. This has caused glaucoma and will make his cataract surgery difficult. In this movie, you can see the white PXF material on the surface of the lens - it looks radially oriented because the iris rubs against the lens at this point.

PXF is an important finding as it will make cataract surgery difficult. The basement-membrane material also adheres to the lens zonules, making them prone to breakage during surgery. This could lead to zonular dehiscense, vitreous loss, or even late lens dislocation.

Download this video for powerpoint

download.gifTo download this video, right click on a link below and choose “Save Target As…”

but.gifpseudoexfoliation3.wmv (3.0 meg, Windows video file)
but.gifpseudoexfoliation3.mov (Quicktime format coming soon)

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Thumbnails (click to enlarge photo)

pseudoexfoliationsyndrome.jpg pseudoexfoliation.jpg

Elschnig pearl formation (Video)

Last updated November 3, 2007


length: 34 seconds

This video shows a cluster of Elschnig pearls that have formed behind the lens after cataract surgery. These grape-like clusters form from residual lens epithelial cells that migrate along the remaining capsular bag. They can be seen with a microscope and are usually visually insignificant.

When epithelial cells form in the central visual axis, this is called a PCO (posterior capsular opacification) or after-cataract … and requires capsulotomy removal with a laser. You can see this central capsulotomy better in the photos below.

Download this video for powerpoint

download.gifTo download this video, right click on a link below and choose “Save Target As…”

but.gifelschnigpearls.wmv (4.0 meg, Windows video file)
but.gifelschnigpearls.mov (Quicktime format coming soon)

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Thumbnails (click to enlarge photo)

elschnigpearleye.jpg elschnigpearl.jpg elshnigpearls.jpg

Ophthalmology Powerpoint Tip #6: Audience Participation is Bad!

Last updated November 2, 2007

eyecartoon-roundtable.jpgWhen planning your powerpoint presentation, you may find yourself thinking of ways to “spice up” your speech. You might start by adding photos, videos and jokes. You might streamline your key points, draw on examples from outside of ophthalmology, or make a correlation with current events. At some point during your brainstorming, you make come up with a humourous and engaging way to create “audience participation.”

After all, if your speech is “truly interesting,” than your audience should be dying to ask you questions! Why not get the ball rolling and build some collegiality between everyone in the room by “encouraging” them to talk?

There are many methods you could try, such as having each person in the room stand up and state their name and position. You could hand out props, or cards that the audience member reads at the appropriate slide. There are many team-building methods at your disposal, and these techniques are used by motivational “consultants” in the corporate setting.

Now, as good as these interactive ideas sound, don’t use them. That’s because:

Audience participation sucks!

Let me restate that:

FORCED audience participation in an ophthalmology presentation sucks!

Forcing your audience to speak out loud makes everyone nervous. You are basically throwing the discomfort of public speaking on those around you who have not prepared for this scrutiny.

The worse example of this the art of “pimping;” randomly calling on audience members to answer difficult questions. A throwback to traditional Socratic teaching, this potentially-humiliating style of education is not appropriate when presenting to your peers. You don’t want to alienate a collegue by revealing their ignorance.

Random questions are counterproductive: the audience becomes too focused on being called on to appreciate your message. This stress hinders people from learning anything. The potential for sudden and unexpected scrutiny from an entire room full of ophthalmologists makes people nervous. It’s like being night-call with a pager: even if you don’t get called in, you MIGHT … and this alone is stressful.

Speaking of “forced participation,” the worse medical lecture I’ve ever personaly experienced involved “team building” where my attending doctor forced me to Salsa dance with another resident. Shudder!

Ideally, you’ve presented so well that the audience will WANT to ask you questions. If they don’t ask questions at the end, then the fault is entirely yours. Either your topic is boring, too complicated, or you’ve presented yourself as an unapproachable or condescending lecturer.

In other words, audience participation is great … but ONLY if it is spontaneous! Be an interesting and pleasant speaker and your audience will want to ask you questions!

Click here to read more of our
powerpoint presentation tips

How to perform a Laser Iridotomy (Video)

Last updated November 1, 2007


length: 1:15 minutes

This video shows a laser iridotomy performed on an eye with angle-closure glaucoma. A laser periphery iridotomy (LPI) is a procedure where you use a laser to blast a hole through the iris. This allows fluid from behind the iris to flow forward into the anterior chamber … and eventually drain out of the eye. This “hole” thus allows the pressure to equilize on either side of the iris plane and thus prevents attacks of acute “angle-closure” glaucoma.

In this case, a Yag laser is being used. The key to success is to locate an iris crypt (an area of natural thinning) through which to aim your shots. Keep going until you see the plume of pigment/fluid come forward … watch this video, and it will make more sense.

Download this video for powerpoint

download.gifTo download this video, right click on a link below and choose “Save Target As…”

but.giflaseriridotomy.wmv (8.6 meg, Windows video file)
but.giflaseriridotomy.mov (Quicktime format coming soon)

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Thumbnails (click to enlarge photo)

lpi1.jpg laseriridotomyglaucoma.jpg

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