This video discusses the difficulty with checking vision in pre-verbal children.

Fix and follow vision is often the best we can get.

Retinoscopy is the technique to estimate glasses prescription based on how the corneal light reflex moves. We’ll talk more about this in the next lecture.

APD checking in a child is no different, but we need to acustom the child to the light first.

Bupthalmos (cow eye) is an enlarged cornea seen in children with congenital
glaucoma.

The scleral wall is elastic in children, and high pressures physically stretch the eye.

Stickers are very useful for grabbing a child’s attention when looking at eye movement problems.

The Hirshburg test utilizes the corneal reflex to estimate ocular alignment.

The Krimsky test is the opposite, where you hold up prisms until the corneal light reflex looks back to normal.

Slit-lamp exam in kids is hard.

Eyelid speculum is sometimes necessary for the best view of the retina.

Dilated fundus exam is tricky. Turn your light low, the room lights off, and try not to wake the kid.